Journal: Biology
Article Title: Grape Pomace Polyphenolic Extract Promotes Osteogenic Differentiation in Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells Through Activation of RUNX2 and NRF2 Transcription Factors: A Potential Natural Strategy for Osteoporosis Prevention
doi: 10.3390/biology15090719
Figure Lengend Snippet: Effects of GPE on osteoblast differentiation of human MSCs. BMSCs and AdMSCs were cultured in basal medium (CTR) or osteogenic differentiation medium (OM) with or without GPE (1–10 µg GAE/mL) for up to 21 days, and matrix mineralization was analyzed by Alizarin Red S staining. Representative light microscopic images of Alizarin Red S staining in BMSCs ( A ) and AdMSCs ( B ) and quantitative analysis ( C ). Each experiment was performed in triplicate. All data are presented as mean ± standard deviation (SD). # p < 0.01 versus undifferentiated control cells (CTR); * p < 0.05 versus osteogenic differentiated cells (OM).
Article Snippet: Human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) from healthy donors (ATCC-PCS-500-012) were purchased from ATCC (Milan, Italy) as well as mesenchymal stem cell basal medium (ATCC PCS500030) and mesenchymal stem cell growth kit for BMSC (ATCC PCS500041).
Techniques: Cell Culture, Staining, Standard Deviation, Control